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应用于全固态薄膜电池的硫薄膜正极

Sulfur Thin-film Cathode for All-solid-state Thin-film Batteries

  • 摘要: 随着物联网时代的来临,人们对于可与集成电路兼容制造的微型电源的需求日益迫切。全固态薄膜电池(All-solid-state thin-film batteries,ASSTFBs)采用薄膜制造工艺而成为能与集成电路集成制造的理想片上电源。锂硫电池具有极高的理论能量密度,若将其应用于ASSTFBs,则有望大幅提升其能量密度。然而,单质硫的低熔点以及固有的迟滞动力学导致了研究人员对硫薄膜的制备经验不足,并阻碍了将其应用于ASSTFBs。因此,本文采用管式炉热蒸发法,将活性物质硫均匀地沉积到垂直石墨烯(Vertical graphene nanosheets,VGs)薄膜层中,制备了VGs-S复合硫薄膜。测试结果表明,采用该方法制备得到的VGs-S复合薄膜正极具有良好的电化学性能,其在12.7 μA cm−2的电流密度下首次放电面积比容量达到了55.3 μAh cm−2,并能够在127.2 μA cm−2的电流密度下稳定循环1000次,每次循环平均衰减仅为0.036%。该研究可为高能量密度ASSTFBs硫基薄膜正极的构筑提供一种新思路。

     

    Abstract: With the advent of the Internet of Things era, there is an increasingly urgent demand for micro power supplies that can be manufactured to be compatible with integrated circuits. All-solid-state thin-film batteries (ASSTFBs) become an ideal on-chip power supply that can be integrated with integrated circuits due to their thin-film manufacturing process. Lithium-sulfur battery has a very high theoretical energy density, and if it can be applied to ASSTFBs, their energy density can be expected to be significantly increased. However, the low melting point of elemental sulfur and its inherent sluggish dynamics resulted in inexperience in the preparation of S thin film and hindered their integration into ASSTFBs. Therefore, the VGs-S composite thin film was fabricated by using a tubular furnace thermal evaporation method to deposit active material sulfur uniformly into vertical graphene nanosheets (VGs) thin films. The results show that the VGs-S composite thin-film cathode has a high discharge capacity, which could deliver an initial discharge capacity of 55.3 μAh cm−2 at 12.7 μA cm−2. It can also stably circulate 1000 cycles at the higher current density of 127.2 μA cm−2, and the average attenuation per cycle is only 0.036%. This work can provide a novel constructing strategy of sulfur-based thin-film cathode for high-energy-density ASSTFBs.

     

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