Abstract: The interaction between the motion of a vacuum pipeline maglev train and the flow field inside the pipeline results in a highly unstable flow environment. At the same time, the characteristics of the train suspension operation will cause serious fluid-solid coupling effects between the train and the flow field. In this issue, a fluid-solid coupling dynamics theory was proposed. A numerical calculation model for the fluid-solid coupling was established to achieve real-time online interaction data of trains. The fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the vacuum pipeline maglev train were analyzed. Research results show that the flow field at the rear of the train is relatively complex, with multiple oblique shock waves and reflected waves. As the train runs relatively stably, the wave system at the top and the head of the train is relatively simpler. But it will undergo significant changes with the rain’s operation. The aerodynamic load on the train exhibits low-frequency periodic changes. A decrease in suspension stiffness leads to an increase in the amplitude of the aerodynamic load on the train and a decrease in the frequency. Under the suspension stiffness of 30 kN, the displacement and rotation amplitude of the train can reach 270 mm and 14 mrad. The aerodynamic load on the train shows an oscillating amplitude and an increasing trend over time. It will affect the safety of the train. The above research can provide theoretical guidance and analytical method reference for the study of vacuum tube maglev trains.