Abstract: In order to improve the problems of insufficient thickness and excessive brittleness of boron infiltration layer in high alloy cast iron, the effects and influence mechanisms of boron infiltration treatment and boron infiltration/vacuum diffusion composite treatment on the friction and wear properties of the surface-modified layer of austenitic gray cast iron were investigated. Optical microscope, energy spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, electron probe and other equipment on the single treatment and composite treatment of samples of the infiltration layer of the metallographic organization, elemental distribution, phase composition, surface hardness, cross-section hardness and abrasion analysis. The results show that the vacuum diffusion has a thickening effect on the boron penetration layer, which can effectively transform the brittle FeB phase into the relatively less brittle Fe₂B phase and improve the wear resistance of the boron penetration layer, but the surface hardness of the penetration layer will be slightly reduced, and the coarsening phenomenon of the graphite in the penetration layer is more aggravated. The abstract should be a short statement of the content of the paper, which needs to succinctly explain the purpose of the research work, the research methodology, the final conclusions and the significance of the research.