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基于流-固耦合传热的冷坩埚分瓣散热研究

Heat Flow and Temperature Fields in Cold Crucible Induction Melter of Vacuum Furnace

  • 摘要: 针对冷坩埚真空悬浮熔炼装置散热系统的复杂性和重要性, 本文使用了一种基于整场离散的冷坩埚冷却系统和冷却水之间耦合分析的方法。首先分析了流固耦合的基本原理及关键问题, 建立了冷坩埚冷却系统流固耦合传热的物理模型及计算模型, 通过CFX仿真计算软件对其冷却系统的流-固耦合传热模型进行了求解, 得出了冷坩埚循环水套流体区域的流场、压力分布及固体区域的温度场, 并对计算结果进行了分析。实验结果表明:冷却水在水套内流动顺畅, 总体速度分布均匀, 有利于冷却水对冷坩埚分瓣结构的冷却;冷坩埚整体温度从冷坩埚中心至外端依次递增, 最高温度出现在冷坩埚最外端的边缘区域, 温度分布从低至高自然过度, 温度梯度变化缓慢, 不易产生局部高温和热应力。

     

    Abstract: The heat-flow and temperature fields in the operating cold crucible induction melter of vacuum furnace, comprising splits, water-cooling jackets and molten metal, were empirically approximated, mathematically modeled, theoretically analyzed in fluid dynamics and liquid/sold heat transfer theories, numerically simulated in finite element method with CFX software and experimentally evaluated.The flow-field profile in the water jackets and the distributions of pressure in vacuum and temperature field in solid region were simulated.As shown by the simulated results, the cooling water flows at a fairly uniform rate, resulting in an effective cooling of the cold crucible; and no localized spot with the highest temperature and the strongest thermal stress could possibly occur, because as moving away from the crucible's core, the temperature smoothly increased with a small gradient, peaking on the wall of the cold crucible.The simulated and measured results were in good agreement.

     

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