Simulation of CO₂ Plasma Streamer in Non-Uniform Electric Field

There are many electron collisions and chemical reactions in CO₂ plasma, making conducting in-depth simulations of CO₂ streamer discharge quite challenging. In this article, we establish a non-uniform electric field model for a needle-flat electrode and use a plasma fluid model and adaptive mesh refinement method to numerically simulate the CO₂ plasma streamer. We studied the effects of external voltage, discharge pressure, and other parameters on the spatial field strength variation, charged particle distribution, and flow velocity in the CO₂ streamer. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the formation process of streamers in CO₂ plasma utilization technology.