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胶体推力器的研究进展及关键技术

Latest Progress of Colloid Electric Propulsion Thruster Technology

  • 摘要: 胶体推力器是一种静电式推力器,具有比冲高、可控精度高等优点,在微小卫星的姿态控制、轨道转移等领域具有广泛的应用前景。目前国内对胶体推力器的研究还不够成熟,尚处于起步阶段。简述了胶体推力器的结构组成、工作原理和主要特点,重点介绍了胶体推力器的发展过程,以及在设计制造中涉及的一些关键技术,即发射极毛细管制造技术、推进剂供给元件制造技术、中和技术、长寿命问题和微推力测量技术,为我国胶体推力器后续的发展提供一定的参考。

     

    Abstract: The latest development of the emerging colloid electric propulsion thruster technology,with the advantages of high-specific impulse,high controllability precision and with potential applications in the attitude control and orbit transfer of microsatellites,was tentatively reviewed.The discussions with specific examples focused on:i)the operation principle,main features and possible structures of the colloid thruster;ii)the design optimization of the key components,including the capillary emitter,extraction pole and acceleration pole;and iii)the hot-spot research subjects,such as the fabrication techniques of major components,neutralization methods,significant increase of service life-time,evaluation and measurement of micro-thruster.The technical difficulties,existing problems,possible solutions and development trends of theoretical and technological studies were also briefly discussed in a thought provoking way.

     

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